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短文改错题中代词的微考点
代词包括人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词、指示代词、疑问代词、连接代词与关系代词等,但连接代词和关系代词可放到从句中考查,疑问代词在短文改错题中尚未涉及.短文改错题实际只考查了前面五类代词,具体涉及12个微考点.
微考点一：前后人称不一致
1．人称代词
...we´d like to invite you to the exhibition. Wewould be gratefulif you could join them that day.
解析：应指“加入到我们当中”,才与主语we -致,故them要改为us.
2．物主代词
My uncle says that he never dreams of becomingrich in a short period of time. Instead,he hopes that ourbusiness will grow steadily.
解析：根据主语he可知,指“他的”生意,用形容词性物主代词his,故改our为his.
3．反身代词
I thought I knew everything and could make deci-sions by yourself.
解析：由句子的主语I可知,是指“由我自己”作决定,故改yourself为myself.
微考点二：前后单复数不一致
1．人称代词
1 was happy when the toys worked ,but when thingswent wrong,I got angry and broke it.
解析：broke的宾语指代前句中的the toys,是复数,应用them,故改it为them.
Nang is a special kind of cake in Xin-jiang.llike them very much.
解析：指代前句中的a special kind ofcake,是单数,故改them为it.
2．物主代词
The factory at the corner of FriendshipStreet and Zhongshan Road has been movedout the city,and a sports center has beenbuilt in their place.
解析：指原来“那家工厂所在的”地方,为单数,故改their为its.
微考点三：前后性别不一致
1．人称代词
Before herleing,l prepared a gift to show my bestwishes to him. She said...
解析：由her leing和she可知,朋友是女的,前后性别不一致,故改him为her.
2．物主代词
A little girl was hurt and his mother needed help.
解析：指前面提到的“那个小女孩”的妈妈,故改his为her.
微考点四：代词的漏用
1．人称代词
At last,1 will be on my own, but I still want to hemy parents to turn to whenever need help.
解析：根据句子结构,whenever引导状语从句,从句中缺少主语,应在其后加上代词.再根据句意,表示“我”需要帮助的时候,故在need前加I.
2．物主代词
One day,little Tony went to a shopping center withhis parents... he turned around and found that his parentswere missing... Five minutes later ,Tony saw parents.
解析：意思是托尼见到了“他的”父母,故在saw后面加上his.上文也有明显提示.
微考点五：人称代词“格”的误用
也就是人称代词主格与宾格的误用.
Three years ago,Li Ming´s parents invited I tospend two wonderful weeks in Qingdao with them duringthe summer holiday.
解析：作invited的宾语,要用人称代词的宾格,故改I为me.
微考点六：物主代词“性”的误用
也就是形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的误用.
I´m going to attend mine first lesson this afternoon,so I´ ve got some preparations to make. Keep in touch.
解析：在名词前作定语,要用形容词性物主代词,指“我的”第一堂课,故改rmne为my.
微考点七：人称代词与物主代词的误用
1 was only about six when he held his hand out tome.l took it in me and we walked.
解析：意思是将他的手放到“我的手”里,相当于my hand,应用mlne,故改me为rmne.
微考点八：作宾语的反身代词与人称代词宾格的区剐
He had a deep voice,which set himself apart fromothers...
解析：作宾语的反身代词应与主语指同一人或物,而此句为定语从句,其主语不是he,而是指代整个主句的which,所以不能用himself,要将其改为him.
微考点九：such与so的误用
At first,I thought I knew everything and could makedecisions by myself. However, my parents didn´t seem tothink such.
解析：指代上文中think后的宾语从句,用so,表示“这样”,故改such为so.
微考点十：many与much的误用
It does not cost many, yet we can stilllearn alot.
解析：意思是“不会花费许多（钱）”,指代不可数名词money,用代词much,不用many,故改many为much.
微考点十-：anything与everything的误用
I´m glad to say that anything has worked out fine inthe dorm.
解析：anything常用于否定句和疑问句中,此处意为“一切(everything)”都很好,故改anything为everything.
微考点十二：this．that与it的误用
We are organizing an art exhibition for high schoolstudents in the city. This will be held on the 9th ofjuly inthe Exhibition Hall of Beihai.
解析：指代上句提到的art exhibition用it,故改This为It.
尽管自2007年以来的全国卷只涉及以上12个考点,但以前没有考查到的并不代表以后也不会考.因此,考生除了要重点复习和关注以上12个考点外,还要按考纲所列语法项目进行全面复习,这样才会在考试中如鱼得水,真正做到游刃有余.
（责任编校／彭益）
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