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戒烟利器之电子烟
The rise in popularity of e-cigarettes inthe U.K. may he resulted in more succesulattempts to quit oking,according to U.K.researchers.
The British Medical Journal (BMJ) worklooked at trends in quit rates and support inEngland from 2006 t0 2015. E-cigarettesseem to he had no effect on the number ofpeople trying to quit,but more he actuallymanaged to stop. The authors say e-cigaretteay he helped about 18,000 extra peoplein England succesully give up oking in2015. One oking expert said it appeared e-cigarettes were a "major contributor" to thetrend.
Sales of e-cigarettes he been risingsteadily since they first went on sale in the U.K.,in2007. They are now used by nearly three million peoplein the U.K.In the past few years ,they he replaced nico-tine patches and gum to become the most popular choiceofquit-oking aid in England. The BMJ research lookedat data from the Smoking Toolkit Study from 2006 throught0 2015. The study also took data from the National HealthService Stop Smoking Service. During the period stud-ied,just over eight million people set dates to quit ok-ing. And the number of okers who succesully man-aged to stop okingincreased byjust under 1% for every1% rise in the number of okers using e-cigarettes. Useof prescribed niocotine-replacement medical method al-so fellas e-cigarette use rose.
Writing in the BMJ,John Britton,director of theU.K. Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies at theUniversity of Nottingham,said the results suggestede-cigarette use could contribute to falling okingrates. Smoking rates fell by l% from 2014 t0 2015. Dr.Britton said: "This significant year-on-year fall indi-cates that something in U.K. tobacco control policy isworking, and succesul quitting through substitutionwith e-cigarettes is one likely major contributor."
Prof. Linda Bauld ,of Cancer Research U.K., said :"The British public he voted with their feet and arechoosing to use e-cigarettes. This is a positive choice,and we should promote it."Public Health England sayse-cigarettes are 95% less harmful to your health thannormal cigarettes,and when supported by a okingquitting service,help most okers to quit tobacco alto-gether.
l.Which of the following statements is TRUE ac-cording to the passage ?
A.E-cigarettes were the major cause of fallingoking rates.
B.All medical methods had been replaced bye-cigarettes.
C.Nicotine patches and gum couldn´t be foundany more.
D. More people decided to quit oking becauseofe-cigarettes.
2.What can we conclude from paragraph 4?
A. Tobacco was strictly controlled in the U.K.
B. E-cigarettes caused l% oking rates fallingin 2015.
C. E-cigarettes were among U.K.´s many healthpolicies.
D. Smoking rates fell by l% every year since2014.
3.The underlined words "voted with their feet" inthe last paragraph means——
A. used their feet to vote
B．walked or ran to vote
C．taken action at once
D．rejected and got away
4.What´s the attitude of Public Health England to-wards e-cigarettes?
A. Indifferent.
B.Forable.
C. Subjective.
D.Partial.
5.We can probably read the article in——
A.a recreational radio program
B.a scientific research report
C. the health column of a website
D. the entertainment pages ofa magazine
答案与解析
1．答案为A.细节理解题.本文介绍英国戒烟新潮流——使用电子烟,并且该方法相当有效,但是其他方法也并没有完全被抛弃.
2．答案为C.推理判断题.根据文章第四段的最后一句可知答案.
3．答案为D.词义猜测题.本文中该习语应理解为“反对并逃离”.
4．答案为B.观点态度题.根据最后一段可知,电子烟戒烟法是受到赞成和推崇的.
5．答案为C.文章出处题.本文介绍英国戒烟新方法,是与健康相关的话题,只是其中的数据和证明材料来自《英国医学杂志》.
【长难句分析】
1. And the number of okers who succesullymanaged to stop oking increased by just under l%for every l% rise in the number of okers usinge-cigarettes.
分析：本句为复合句,主句为“And the number ofokers... increased by…for…”owho引导的定语从句修饰先行词okers.
句意：并且,使用电子烟的吸烟者数目每增加1%,成功戒烟者的数目增长接近l%.
2. Writing in the BMJ ,John Britton, director of theU.K. Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies at theUniversity of Nottingham,said the results suggestede-cigarette use could contribute to falling oking rates.
分析：本句为二层复合句,主句为“John Brittonsaid．．．”,其后的第一层宾语从句为the results sug-gested,suggested后的宾语从句为第二层从句,两层从句都省略了连接词that.另外,“Writingin the BMJ”为v.-ing作伴随状语,而director of the... the Univer-sity of Nottingham是John Britton的同位语.
句意：为《英国医学杂志》写作的约翰·布里顿是英国诺丁汉大学烟酒研究中心的主任,他说这些结果表明电子烟的使用有助于降低吸烟率.
3.Public Health England says e-cigarettes are 95%less harmful to your health than normal cigarettes,andwhen supported by a oking quitting service, help mostokers to quit tobacco altogether.
分析：本句为复合句,主句是“Public HealthEngland says...”,其后为省略了连接词that的宾语从句.这个宾语含并列谓语动词,主句为“e-cigarettesare…,and…,help...”.
句意：英国公共卫生部说电子烟与传统比,对健康的危害要低95%,并且在一项戒烟服务的支持下,帮助大部分吸烟者整体戒烟.
【语法点拨】
The authors say e-cigarettes may he helped about18,000 extra people in England succesully give upokingin 2015.
分析：本句中may he helped为情态动词表推测的用法.如下表,该语法点可从两个方向进行掌握,横向表示可能性由100%到0%变化时情态动词的使用,竖向表示时间从将来、现在到过去变化时动词形式的使用：
根据上表可知,may he helped意为“可能已经帮助了”.
句意：作者说,在2015年电子烟可能已经额外帮助了大约18 000名英国人成功戒烟.
（责任编校／彭益）
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